Other STD's

rathcycle SG

Dun wana create so many sticky type of threads.
so .... yea...

rathcycle SG

Pubic Lice

What are pubic lice?

Also called "crabs," pubic lice are parasitic insects found in the genital area of humans. Infection is common and found worldwide.

How did I get pubic lice?

Pubic lice are usually spread through sexual contact. Rarely, infestation can be spread through contact with an infested person's bed linens, towels, or clothes. A common misunderstanding is that infestation can be spread by sitting on a toilet seat. This isn't likely, since lice cannot live long away from a warm human body. Also, lice do not have feet designed to walk or hold onto smooth surfaces such as toilet seats.

Infection in a young child or teenager may indicate sexual activity or sexual abuse.

Where are pubic lice found?

Pubic lice are generally found in the genital area on pubic hair; but may occasionally be found on other coarse body hair, such as hair on the legs, armpits, mustache, beard, eyebrows, or eyelashes. Infestations of young children are usually on the eyebrows or eyelashes. Lice found on the head are not pubic lice; they are head lice.

Animals do not get or spread pubic lice.

What are the signs and symptoms of pubic lice?

Signs and symptoms of pubic lice include

Itching in the genital area
Visible nits (lice eggs) or crawling lice

What do pubic lice look like?

There are three stages in the life of a pubic louse: the nit, the nymph, and the adult.

Nit: Nits are pubic lice eggs. They are hard to see and are found firmly attached to the hair shaft.

They are about the size of the mark at the end of this arrow . They are oval and usually yellow to white. Nits take about 1 week to hatch.

Nymph: The nit hatches into a baby louse called a nymph. It looks like an adult pubic louse, but it is smaller. Nymphs mature into adults about 7 days after hatching. To live, the nymph must feed on blood.

Adult: The adult pubic louse is about the size of this circle and resembles a miniature crab when viewed through a strong magnifying glass. Pubic lice have six legs, but their two front legs are very large and look like the pincher claws of a crab; this is how they got the nickname "crabs." Pubic lice are tan to grayish-white in color. Females lay nits and are usually larger than males. To live, adult lice must feed on blood. If the louse falls off a person, it dies within 1-2 days.

How is a pubic lice infestation diagnosed?

A lice infestation is diagnosed by looking closely through pubic hair for nits, nymphs, or adults. It may be difficult to find nymph or adult; here are usually few of them and they can move quickly away from light. If crawling lice are not seen, finding nits confirms that a person is infested and should be treated. If you are unsure about infestation or if treatment is not successful, see a health care provider for a diagnosis.

How is a pubic lice infestation treated?

A lice-killing shampoo (also called a pediculicide) made of 1% permethrin or pyrethrin is recommended to treat pubic lice. These products are available without a prescription at your local drug store. Medication is generally very effective; apply the medication exactly as directed on the bottle. A prescription medication, called Lindane (1%) is available through your health care provider. Lindane is not recommended for pregnant or nursing women, or for children less than 2 years old.

Malathion* lotion 0.5% (Ovide*) is another prescription medication that is effective against pubic lice.

How to treat pubic lice infestations: (Note: see section below for treatment of eyelashes or eyebrows. The lice medications described in this section should not be used near the eyes.)

Wash the infested area; towel dry.
Thoroughly saturate hair with lice medication. If using permethrin or pyrethrins, leave medication on for 10 minutes; if using Lindane, only leave on for 4 minutes. Thoroughly rinse off medication with water. Dry off with a clean towel.
Following treatment, most nits will still be attached to hair shafts. Nits may be removed with fingernails.
Put on clean underwear and clothing after treatment.
To kill any lice or nits (attached to hairs) that may be left on clothing or bedding, machine-wash those washable items that the infested person used during the 2-3 days before treatment. Use the hot water cycle (130°F). Use the hot dryer cycle for at least 20 minutes.
Dry-clean clothing that is not washable.
Inform any sexual partners that they are at risk for infestation.
Do not have sex until treatment is complete.
Do not have sex with infected partners until partners have been treated and infestation has been cured.
Repeat treatment in 7-10 days if lice are still found.
To treat nits and lice found on eyebrows or eyelashes:

If only a few nits are found, it may be possible to remove live lice and nits with your fingernails or a nit comb.
If additional treatment is needed for pubic lice nits found on the eyelashes, applying an ophthalmic-grade petrolatum ointment (only available by prescription) to the eyelids twice a day for 10 days is effective. Vaseline* is a kind of petrolatum, but is likely to irritate the eyes if applied.

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rathcycle SG

Chancroid (Kan-kroid) is also known as:

soft chancre
venereal sore
Chancroid ( human genital ulcer disease) is an STD caused by exposure to:

Haemophilus ducreyi (a small gram-negative rod organism) which occurs mainly in developing countries, especially the African, Asian and Latin American nations.
Infection from Chancroid related to Haemophilus ducreyi is decreasing in many areas but increasing in infections related to Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2).

Chancroid is a bacterial disease causing painful, irregularly shaped sores, but is a localized infection which can be treated and cured and has no long-term effects.

Over 4,000 cases are reported annually occurring mainly in younger adults, although it can affect any age.

Chancroid

The size can vary from 1-2 millimeters to several centimeters but is usually 1-2 centimeters in diameter.

The shape can be:

irregular
oval
round
Unlike the chancre of syphilis:

the chancroid ulcer edge is soft
the ulcer changes shape when the edges are squeezed

Symptoms

First signs of infection appear from 3-5 days and up to 2 weeks after contact, and usually a tender, raised bump develops where the bacteria entered the body:

inside/outside the vagina or rectum
occasionally on hands, thighs or mouth
on the penis
Within 1-4 days the bump transforms into one or more shallow sores which break open and deepen, becoming:

filled with pus
inflamed
painful
ruptured
The next stage may persist for several weeks and may result in:

a painful open sore
purulent base of the ulcer
several lesions merging to form gigantic ulcers
In over half of the untreated cases the chancroid bacteria infects the lymph glands in the groin.

The lymph glands in the groin may

swell, creating a pus-filled bulge, known as a bubo
enlarge until they burst through the skin
drain continuously
remain open
become infected by other bacteria
may be firm or fluctuant
may rupture or ulcerate
The typical chancroid bubo:

appears about 1-2 weeks after the ulcer forms
is unilateral, spherical, and painful
In men

1-4 sores on the penis may develop
Buboes appear in about 50% of male patients
The foreskin may swell
The ulcers usually are found in:
the prepuce near the frenulum
coronal sulcus
glans
Rectal sores may:

bleed
cause pain when defecating
In women

Buboes are uncommon in women
Dyspareunia (painful sex)
Dysuria (painful urination)
Painless sores can develop on the cervix
Several sores may develop around the vagina and rectum
Vaginal discharge
The ulcers usually are found on the:
Cervix
Entrance of the vagina, particularly the fourchette
Labia majora and minora
Peri-anal area
Rectal sores may:

bleed
cause pain when defecating
Click Here to view photos of Chancroids

``to be continued--------.

rathcycle SG

continued.....

Transmission

Chancroid is transmitted through the skin by direct sexual contact with an infected individual through

anal sex
oral sex
vaginal sex
The infection is spread to other parts of the body by:

minor abrasions
physical contact
rubbing
scratching
Other

An uncircumcised man is more likely to contract the disease than a circumcised man
Any sexually active person can be infected with chancroid
If a person does not practice personal hygiene it is easier for the infection to be transmitted
It is more commonly seen in men than in women
Risk Factors

Contact between scraped or broken infected skin increases the likelihood of transmission
Ejaculation is not necessary for the infection to be spread
Even if using a condom, sores may be present on areas not protected by the latex and can cause infection anywhere they contact receptive tissue
The bacteria are more likely to invade the sexual organs at the point of a pre-existing injury, such as a small cut or scratch
More outbreaks occur in:
drug users
people with other STDs
prostitutes and their clients
Re-infection can occur from:

minor abrasions
open wounds
The disease is not spread from person to person by casual contact such as:

clothing
door knobs
eating utensils
swimming pools
toilet seats
and

mothers do not pass it on to babies at birth

Diagnosis

Chancroid is usually diagnosed by:

Culture or biopsy
Gram Stain
Microscopic examination of a smear sample taken from the patient's sores
Although the disease does not enter the bloodstream a blood sample is usually taken to check for the presence of other STDs.

Treatment

Buboes may need to be drained with a needle under local anesthetic.

Although treatment with antibiotics can cure the infection, strains are becoming more common that are resistant to:

Ampicillin
Chloramphenicol
Penicillin,
Tetracycline
Conventional Treatment

Current treatment involves regular doses for up to two weeks of:

Ciprofloxacin
Erythromycin
Trimethoprin
or a single dose of:

Azithromycin
Ceftriaxone
Drug Information

Azithromycin (Zithromax) is used to treat:

Chlamydial and Gonorrheal infections of the genital tract
Mild to moderately severe infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms
Contraindications

Concurrent Pimozide treatment (sudden death may occur)
Hepatic impairment
Hypersensitivity
Interactions with other substances

Decreased effects if taking:
Aluminum antacids
Magnesium antacids
Increased toxicity of:
Digoxin
Theophylline
Warfarin
If taking Cyclosporine there is an increased risk of:
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
Side Effects

Bacterial or fungal overgrowth with prolonged use
Cholestatic jaundice
May increase hepatic enzymes
Site reactions can occur with IV route
Caution

Care should be used when dealing with patients:

who are debilitated
who are geriatric
who are hospitalized
with pneumonia
During Pregnancy

It has not been established if it is safe for pregnant and lactating women
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) is used to:

Stop bacterial growth by binding to one or more penicillin-binding proteins
Contraindications

Erythromycin is used to treat patients allergic to:

Cephalosporines
Quinolones
Contraindications

In liver disease
Discontinue if the following occurs:

Abdominal colic
Fever
Malaise
Nausea
Vomiting
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) is a bactericidal antibiotic that is used to inhibit:

Hypersensitivity
Should not be used for children and adolescents under 18
Interactions with other substances

Dietary Recommendations

Include:

essential fatty acids, such as olive oil, nuts
fish and poultry
flax seed, (linseed) oil
fresh fruits and vegetables
organic foods where possible
plenty of fresh water ( drink as much as possible)
whole grains

Avoid:

alcohol
carbonated beverages
dairy products
fruit juice
refined white flour, such as pasta, bread, desserts
sugar

Nutritional Supplements

Proteolytic enzymes:

Bromelain 400mg
Wobenzyme N five tablets three to four times a day away from meals
and

Vitamin C 1,000 mg three times a day with meals
Zinc 30 mg daily
Herbal Treatment

Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), strong infusion or poultice applied locally to sores
Goldenseal (Hydrastis)/Vitamin A suppository
Other Treatments

Warm sitz baths with several drops tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) added
Vaginal douche using one or both of the following herbs which have potent anti-microbial properties:

Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis)
Oregon Grape Root (Mahonia aqjuifolium)

rathcycle SG

continued.....

Prevention

Risk Factors

Douching or urinating after sex does not prevent STDs
Exposure of skin and mucus membranes with a high risk partner
If there are any signs or symptoms of chancroid abstain from sex until the infection is cured
Help Factors
Carefully washing the genitals with antibacterial soap immediately after sex
Limit one's sexual relationship to a single, uninfected partner
Practice safe sex
Use latex condoms or gloves put on before sex and disposed of responsibly immediately after sexual contact
Other Precautions

Prognosis

Chancroid does not seem to have any adverse effects on pregnancy or the fetus

Complications

Balanoposthitis, inflammation and partial loss of tissue, particularly of the glans, penis and prepuce, may occur
Buboes may rupture taking months to heal completely
Fistulous tracts, abnormal tube-like passages within the body tissues, may form
Phimosis, tightness of the foreskin
Scarring from extensive infection or from burst buboes may occur
Untreated chancroid often results in ulcers occurring on the genitals, which can persist for weeks or months
Risk Factors

People with open chancroid sores are especially vulnerable to other STDs
Re-infection can occur immediately after cure as the body does not build up any natural resistance
In less than 10% of cases sores may return and these may be caused by:

It has been found that the genital ulcers of chancroid have:

been associated with the sexual transmission of the HIV virus

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rathcycle SG

Er, reserved.

rathcycle SG

---start---

CHLAMYDIA

What is CHLAMYDIA

Chlamydia is actually a group of different infections caused by different strains of the Chlamydia bacterium:Chlamydia pneumonia causes a type of walking pneumonia

Chlamydia psittaci causes a type of pneumonia caused by birds

Chlamydia trachomatis causes various sexually transmitted diseases

Chlamydia trachomatis is currently one of the most common and widespread bacterial STDs in the United States. It is estimated that more than 4 million people are infected each year. Rates of Chlamydia in the United States are highest in the West and Midwest, with Missouri having above average numbers.

CHLAMYDIA - SYMPTOMS

Asymptomatic

It is called Asymptomatic if there are no symptoms

In the beginning Chlamydia may not make you feel anything so you may not even know you have it

It can just come and go

Those who do notice that they have this infection will have certain symptoms for weeks or months, depending on the severity of the infection and whether treatment was undertaken early, or not at all. But, as it gets worse, you will begin to experience different symptoms

In Pre-puberty Girls

Vaginal discharge and odor (Vaginitis)

In Post-puberty Girls

Discharge (off-white) and odor which comes from the cervix being infected

In Women

Chlamydia is often silent in women, with up to 90% of women asymptomatic. Women can carry the bacteria for months or even years without knowing it. This makes screening very important.

Symptoms can start to occur within 3 weeks after getting the infection and include the following:

Constant lower abdominal pain

Mild, milky or yellow mucus-like vaginal discharge

Nausea and fever

Pain during urination

Pain during sexual intercourse

Spotting between periods

Chlamydia can also lead to:

Cervicitis which is inflammation of the cervix.

5-13% of the women in the U.S. who get Chlamydia get cervicitis.

Salpingitis which is inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Ectopic Pregnancy

If a pregnant woman has Chlamydia trachomatis the risk of an Ectopic pregnancy is much higher. This is where the fetus does not grow in the womb but in the ectopic tubes.

Chlamydia can silently linger for months without symptoms and the infection may move inside the body if it is not treated, where it may cause:

Epidydimitis in men

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) causes:

infertility

chronic pain

even death

In men

Chlamydia causes something called NON-SPECIFIC URETHRITIS (NSU) which can produce symptoms such as:

Burning on urination (non-gonoccocal urethritis (NGU))

Groin pain and swelling (Epididymitis)

Irritation around opening of the penis

Mild, sticky, milky or mucus-like discharge from penis

Pain when urinating

Swollen testes (which if not treated can lead to infertility)

Testicular pain

Symptoms may seem to "come and go"

In babies

1/4 of babies passing down the infected birth canal will get Chlamydia Pneumonia

1/2 of all babies born to infected women after delivery through the birth canal will develop Chlamydial Conjunctivitis (pink eye) a week after birth

In severe cases blindness may occur

The bacteria can be easily passed to the developing child within the uterus

The child may have respiratory diseases for a long time if not treated

Other conditions

The infection can occur in the Pharynx (throat) from oral-genital contact

The infection can be spread to the eyes causing inflammation of the lining of the eye (pink eye)

In tropical climates, a particular strain of C. trachomatis causes an STD called Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) which can get into the skin through tiny cuts.

After months or years it can spread to other lymph nodes causing:

Genital problems

Pain

Proctitis (inflamed rectum)

Skin breakdown (ulceration)

Swelling

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rathcycle SG

Reserve 1 more post for future referrence.
thank you.

Darkness_hacker99 SG

where is your source?

rathcycle SG

search online de.