President Obama vowed an international crackdown to halt piracy
off the coast of Somalia Monday soon after the freeing of US cargo
ship captain Richard Phillips, who had been held hostage by Somali
pirates since last Wednesday.
While the pirates story has dominated the corporate media, there
has been little to no discussion of the root causes driving piracy.
We speak with consultant and analyst Mohamed Abshir Waldo. In
January, he wrote a paper titled “The Two Piracies in Somalia: Why
the World Ignores the Other?”
AMY GOODMAN: President Obama vowed an
international crackdown to halt piracy off the coast of Somalia
Monday soon after the freeing of US cargo ship captain Richard
Phillips, who had been held hostage by Somali pirates since last
Wednesday. Three Somali pirates were killed in the US
operation.
While some military analysts are considering attacks on pirate
bases inside Somalia in addition to expanding US Navy gunships
along the Somali coastline, others are strongly opposed to a land
invasion. US Congress member Donald Payne of New Jersey made a
brief visit to the Somali capital of Mogadishu Monday and said
piracy was, quote, a “symptom of the decades of instability.” His
plane was targeted by mortar fire as he was leaving Somalia, soon
after a pirate vowed revenge against the United States for killing
his men.
Former US ambassador to the United Nations John Bolton told Fox
News over the weekend that the US should assemble a, quote,
“coalition of the willing” to invade Somalia.
Meanwhile, local fishing and business communities along the
Somali coast are suffering as a result of the increased American
and international naval presence in their waters.
SOMALI FISHERMAN: [translated] American Marine
forces always arrest us as we continue fishing. We meet their
warships, and at times they send helicopters to take photos of us,
as they suspect we are pirates. And we are not.
SOMALI BUSINESSMAN: [translated] People are
worried about the troops, as it is becoming more and more difficult
to do business. There’s a lot of warships patrolling the sea, and
merchant ships are getting more and more checked, thinking they are
operated by pirates.
AMY GOODMAN: While the pirates story has
dominated the corporate media, there has been little to no
discussion of the root causes driving piracy.
Mohamed Abshir Waldo is a consultant and analyst in Kenya. He is
Kenyan of Somali origin. In January, he wrote a paper called “The
Two Piracies in Somalia: Why the World Ignores the Other?” He joins
us on the phone right now from Mombasa.
Welcome to Democracy Now!
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Hello. Thank you.
AMY GOODMAN: Good to have you with us. Can you
talk about what you think the two piracies are?
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Well, the two piracies
are the original one, which was foreign fishing piracy by
foreign trawlers and vessels, who at the same time were dumping
industrial waste, toxic waste and, it also has been reported,
nuclear waste. Most of the time, we feel it’s the
same fishing vessels, foreign fishing vessels, that are doing both.
That was the piracy that started all these problems.
And the other piracy is the shipping piracy. When the marine resources of
Somalia was pillaged, when the waters were poisoned, when the fish
was stolen, and in a poverty situation in the whole country, the
fishermen felt that they had no other possibilities or other
recourse but to fight with, you know, the
properties and the shipping of the same countries that have been
doing and carrying on the fishing piracy and toxic dumping.
AMY GOODMAN: Can you explain what IUUs are?
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: IUUs are—I don’t remember
now, but it’s uninterrupted an unreported fishing, unlicensed,
unreported, uncontrolled, practically, fishing. Without
[inaudible]—
AMY GOODMAN: In your article, you say—in your
article, you say it stands for illegal, unreported and unregulated
fishing fleets from Europe—
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Correct.
AMY GOODMAN: —and Arabia and the Far East.
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Correct, correct. And
this has been known to both the countries in the West that had
these fishing fleets, which included Spain, Italy, Greece, and
eventually UK and others who joined later, as well as Russian. And,
of course, there were many more from the East. And this problem has
been going on since 1991. And the fishing communities and fishermen
reported and complained and appealed to the international community
through the United Nations, through the European Union, with no,
actually, response in any form at all. They were totally
ignored.
AMY GOODMAN: Mohamed Abshir Waldo, explain how
what you call “fishing piracy” began.
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Fishing piracy means
fishing without license, fishing by force, even though the
community complains, even though whatever authorities are there
complain, even
though they ask these foreign fishing fleets and trawlers and
vessels that have no license, that have no permit whatsoever, when
they tell them, “Stop fishing and get out of the area,” they
refuse, and instead, in fact, they fight. They
fought with the fishermen and coastal communities, pouring boiling
water on them and even shooting at them, running over their canoes
and fishing boats. These were the problems that had been going on
for so long, until the community organized themselves and
empowered, actually, what they call the National Volunteer Coast
Guard, what you would call and what others call today as
“pirates.”
AMY GOODMAN: So you’re saying illegal fishing
is happening off the coast of Somalia. What countries are engaged
in it?
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: The countries engaged include
practically all of southern Europe, France, Spain, Greece, UK.
Nowadays I hear even Norway. There were not many
Scandinavians before, but Norwegian fishing now is involved in
this, you know, very profitable fishing business. So, there are
others, of course. There are Russian. There are Taiwanese. There
are Philippines. There are Koreans. There are Chinese. You know,
it’s a free-for-all coast.
And to make things worse, we learned that now that the navies
and the warships are there; every country is protecting
their own illegal fishing piracies—vessels. They
have come back. They ran away from the Somali volunteer guards,
coast guards, but now they are back. And they are being protected
by their navies. In fact, they are coming close to the territorial
waters to harass again the fishermen, who no longer have
opportunity or possibility to fish on the coast because of the fear
of being called pirates and apprehended by the navy, who are at the
same time protecting the other side.
So the issue is really a matter of tremendous injustice,
international community only attending and talking and coming to
the rescue of the—of their interests and not at all considering or
looking from the Somalis’ side. This does not mean I am condoning
or anyone is condoning piracy or endangering the life of innocent
sailors and crews or damaging the property of others, but these
people, these fishermen-turned-pirates, had no alternative but to
protect themselves, to protect their turf, to—you know, an act of
desperation, you might call it.
AMY GOODMAN: What do people in Somalia feel
about the pirates, the issue of pirates off the coast?
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: A mixed reaction, I
think, in Somalia. The people do not want the innocent sailors to
be harmed. They don’t want any major environmental disasters to
happen by blowing up chemical- or oil-carrying vessels. And they
urge the pirates, or fishermen pirates, they urge them not to do
any such things.
On the other hand, since there’s no sympathy, there’s no
understanding, there is no readiness for dialogue with the coastal
community, with the community in general, with the Somali
authorities or the regional government or the national government
on a joint action for solving these problems, then it’s each for
his own way of doing. But the people are very concerned. On the one
hand, they would like this to be resolved peacefully; on the other,
they feel very sad for injustice being done by the international
community.
AMY GOODMAN: A little more on the issue of
toxic dumping, if you would, Mohamed Abshir Waldo. I don’t think
people in the United States understand exactly what it is you’re
referring to and how it affects people.
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Well, toxic dumping,
industrial waste dumping, nuclear dumping, as you are probably
aware and have heard and many people know, for quite some time, in
the ’70s mainly, in the ’80s, in the ’90s, there was a lot of waste
of all these kinds that companies wanted to get rid of, following
very strict environmental rules in their countries. So where else
to take but in countries in conflict or weak countries who could
not prevent them or who could be bought? So these wastes have been
carried to Somalia. It’s been in the papers. It has
been reported by media organizations like Al Jazeera, I think, like
CNN. Many had reported about the Mafia, Italian Mafia, who admitted
it, dumping it in Somalia for quite some time, for quite a long
time.
And as we speak now, I heard yesterday, in fact, another vessel
was captured in the Gulf of Aden by community—this time not
pirates, by the community, when the suspected it, and it was
carrying two huge containers, which it dumped into the sea when
they saw these people coming to them. They have been apprehended.
The vessel had been apprehended. Fortunately, the containers did
not sink into the sea, but they are being towed to the coast. And
this community has invited the international community to come and
investigate this matter. So far, we don’t have action. So this
dumping, waste dumping, toxic dumping, nuclear waste dumping has
been ongoing in Somalia since 1992.
AMY GOODMAN: When I read your article, Mohamed
Abshir Waldo, it reminded me of a controversial memo that was
leaked from the World Bank—this was when Lawrence Summers, now the
chief economic adviser, was the chief economist at the World
Bank—in which it said, “I think the economic logic behind dumping a
load of toxic waste in the lowest-wage country is impeccable, and
we should face up to that. I’ve always thought that under-populated
countries in Africa are vastly under-polluted.” He said he was
being sarcastic.
MOHAMED ABSHIR WALDO: Actually, the more formal
official concerned with this UN habitat has also confirmed in
various reports that this has been dumped in Somalia. The special
representative of the Secretary-General, Ould-Abdullah, who is now
working with the Somali authorities, has also, I think, made a
statement to that effect. So it is very well known. It’s not
something hidden. It’s not something we are making up. The world
knows, but it doesn’t do anything about it.
AMY GOODMAN: Mohamed Abshir Waldo, thank you
for joining us, a consultant in Kenya, speaking to us from
Mombasa.
http://www.democracynow.org/2009/4/14/analysis
Somali Piracy Connected to Toxic Dumping, Illegal
Fishing
http://news.newamericamedia.org/news/view_article.html
'Toxic waste' behind Somali
piracy
http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/
http://informationclearinghouse.info/article22399.htm