Unpaid Credit Cards Bedevil Americans
Sunday December 23, 11:21 pm ET
By Rachel Konrad and Bob Porterfield, Associated Press
Writers
AP Impact: Americans' See Their Debt Woes Expand As Unpaid Credit
Card Bills Are on Rise
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) -- Americans are falling behind on their credit
card payments at an alarming rate, sending delinquencies and
defaults surging by double-digit percentages in the last year and
prompting warnings of worse to come.
ADVERTISEMENT
An Associated Press analysis of financial data from the country's
largest card issuers also found that the greatest rise was among
accounts more than 90 days in arrears.
Experts say these signs of the deterioration of finances of many
households are partly a byproduct of the subprime mortgage crisis
and could spell more trouble ahead for an already sputtering
economy.
"Debt eventually leaks into other areas, whether it starts with the
mortgage and goes to the credit card or vice versa," said Cliff
Tan, a visiting scholar at Stanford University and an expert on
credit risk. "We're starting to see leaks now."
The value of credit card accounts at least 30 days late jumped 26
percent to $17.3 billion in October from a year earlier at 17 large
credit card trusts examined by the AP. That represented more than 4
percent of the total outstanding principal balances owed to the
trusts on credit cards that were issued by banks such as Bank of
America and Capital One and for retailers like Home Depot and
Wal-Mart.
At the same time, defaults -- when lenders essentially give up hope
of ever being repaid and write off the debt -- rose 18 percent to
almost $961 million in October, according to filings made by the
trusts with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Serious delinquencies also are up sharply: Some of the nation's
biggest lenders -- including Advanta, GE Money Bank and HSBC --
reported increases of 50 percent or more in the value of accounts
that were at least 90 days delinquent when compared with the same
period a year ago.
The AP analyzed data representing about 325 million individual
accounts held in trusts that were created by credit card issuers in
order to sell the debt to investors -- similar to how many banks
packaged and sold subprime mortgage loans. Together, they represent
about 45 percent of the $920 billion the Federal Reserve counts as
credit card debt owed by Americans.
Until recently, credit card default rates had been running close to
record lows, providing one of the few profit growth areas for the
nation's banks, which continue to flood Americans' mailboxes with
billions of letters monthly offering easy sign-ups for new
plastic.
Even after the recent spike in bad loans, the credit card business
is still quite lucrative, thanks to interest rates that can run as
high as 36 percent, plus late fees and other penalties.
But what is coming into sharper focus from the detailed monthly SEC
filings from the trusts is a snapshot of the worrisome state of
Americans' ability to juggle growing and expensive credit card
debt.
The trend carried into November. As of Friday, all of the trusts
that filed reports for the month show increases in both
delinquencies and defaults over November 2006, and many show
sequential increases from October.
Discover accounts 30 days or more delinquent jumped 25,716 from
November 2006 and had increased 6,000 between October and November
this year.
Many economists expect delinquencies and defaults to rise further
after the holiday shopping season.
Mark Zandi, chief economist and co-founder of Moody's Economy.com
Inc., cited mounting mortgage problems that began after this
summer's subprime financial shock as one of the culprits, as well
as a weakening job market in the Midwest, South and parts of the
West, where real-estate markets have been particularly hard
hit.
"Credit card quality will continue to erode throughout next year,"
Zandi said.
Economists also cite America's long-standing attitude that debt --
even high-interest credit card debt -- is not a big deal.
"The desires of consumers to want, want, want, spend, spend, spend
-- it's the fabric of our nation," said Howard Dvorkin, founder of
Consolidated Credit Counseling Services in Fort Lauderdale, Fla.,
which has advised more than 5 million people in debt. "But you
always have to pay the piper, and that can be a very painful
process."
Filing for bankruptcy is no longer a solution for many Americans
because of a 2005 change to federal law that made it harder to walk
away from debt. Those with above-average incomes are barred from
declaring Chapter 7 -- where debts can be wiped out entirely --
except under special circumstances and must instead file a
repayment plan under the more restrictive Chapter 13.
Personal finance coaches say the problem is most grave for
individuals who are months delinquent or already in default -- like
Kenneth McGuinness, a postal clerk from Flushing, N.Y.
His credit card struggles began nine years ago, when he charged his
son's college tuition and books. He thought he was being clever:
His credit card's 6 percent "teaser" interest rate was lower than
the 8.6 percent interest on a college loan.
McGuinness, 61, soon began using Citibank and Chase cards for food,
dental work and copays on doctor visits and minor surgeries.
Interest rates surged to 30 percent. Now he's $37,000 in debt and
plans to file for bankruptcy in February.
"I tried to pay what I could and go after the high-interest
accounts first," McGuinness said. "But it just kept getting higher
and higher, and with late charges and surcharges I was going
backward."
In the wake of the jump in defaults on subprime mortgage loans made
to borrowers with poor credit histories, banks have been less
willing to allow consumers to consolidate credit card debt into
home equity loans or refinanced mortgages. That is leaving some
with no option but to miss payments, economists said.
Investors also are backing away from buying securitized credit-card
debt, said Moshe Orenbuch, managing director at Credit Suisse. But
that probably has more to do with concerns about the overall health
of the U.S. economy, he said.
"It's been getting tougher to finance any kind of structured
finance -- mortgages, automobile loans, credit cards, student
loans," said Orenbuch, who specializes in the credit
industry.
Capital One Financial Corp. reported that delinquencies and
defaults are highest in regions where troubled mortgages are
concentrated, including California and Florida.
Among the trusts examined, Bank of America Corp. had the highest
delinquency volume, with overdue accounts valued at $5 billion.
Bank of America defaults in October were almost 200 percent higher
than in October 2006.
A spokesman for Charlotte, N.C.-based Bank of America declined to
comment.
Other trusts -- including those linked to Capital One, American
Express Co., Discover Financial Services Co. and those containing
"branded" cards from Wal-Mart Stores Inc., Home Depot Inc., Lowe's
Companies Inc., Target Corp. and Circuit City Stores Inc. -- also
reported striking increases in year-over-year delinquency and
default rates for October. Most banks and other financial
institutions holding credit card debt on their own books also
reported double-digit increases in delinquencies.
The one exception in October was JPMorgan Chase & Co.'s credit
card trust, which reported declines in both delinquencies and
defaults. A Chase spokesperson attributed this to its focus on
prime borrowers and aggressive account management.
By contrast, Capital One executives told analysts last month that
the company projected 2008 write-offs of credit card debt to be at
least $4.9 billion. This projection, analysts were told, took into
account growing delinquencies and potential effects if the housing
market continued its downward slide.
Capital One spokeswoman Julie Rakes said the increase in
delinquencies could be due to an accounting change last summer,
which shortened the grace period between when statements were
issued and the due date.
Capital One also reported that the number of accounts 90 days or
more in arrears had increased between October and November. More
than 1.2 million of Capital One's 30 million accounts were either
delinquent or in default.
Many personal financial coaches expect this trend to accelerate in
2008 -- particularly among people who took out untraditional loans
whose interest rate has risen, requiring owners to pay mortgages
several hundred dollars more than just a year ago.
"You're looking at more and more distress -- consumers desperately
trying to preserve their credit lines, but there's nowhere else to
go," said Robert Manning, director of the Center for Consumer
Financial Services at Rochester Institute of Technology. "It's like
a game of dominoes."