Portable Kidney Dialysis Machine - is this coming soon ?
(Source : Oregon State University 05-02-2005)
Portable Kidney Dialysis Machine Developed
CORVALLIS A Portland company is using an emerging microtechnology
from Oregon State University to develop a portable kidney dialysis
machine that will make in-home treatment a reality, enabling
hundreds of thousands of people afflicted with kidney failure to
treat themselves at home instead of traveling to dialysis clinics
three days a week.
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"Current dialysis machines are based on 30-year-old technology and
employ filter systems that are only about 28 percent efficient,"
said Michael Baker, chief executive officer of Home Dialysis Plus,
the firm developing the device.
"By employing the microtechnology being developed at OSU's College
of Engineering, the filter efficiency skyrockets to about 90
percent," Baker said. "And we're able to reduce the dimensions of a
dialysis machine from the size of a refrigerator to the size of a
piece of carry-on luggage, which makes treatment portable."
Baker said that more than 600 jobs could be associated with the
device when production begins.
OSU researchers and Home Dialysis Plus officials say the reduced
size and increased efficiency will improve the lives of dialysis
patients because treatments will be done in the home while patients
are asleep at night. Many dialysis patients now have to limit
travel and other opportunities due to time-consuming treatments
that can take up to four hours.
"A growing number of studies indicate that longer and/or more
frequent in-home dialysis offers not only superior therapy, but
also the opportunity to reduce costs," Baker said. "These
revelations are prompting more and more dialysis patients to demand
the health benefits, the convenience, and the quality of life that
in-home dialysis has to offer. We launched Home Dialysis Plus to
give dialysis patients the life-improving technology they've been
asking for."
Home Dialysis Plus was founded by Altman Browning and Company, a
Portland product development firm that has been working closely
with researchers at the OSU College of Engineering to develop the
new microtechnology for use in the dialysis application.
Researchers say the technology, known as multiscale materials and
devices, or MMD, could eventually enable development of a wearable
dialysis device, or even an implantable version.
"MMD technology is allowing us to reduce a filter that is more than
eight inches tall by three inches in diameter to the size of about
four sugar cubes," Baker said. "As this technology develops, the
possibility of an implantable dialysis device becomes very
real."
Jim Curtis, a certified hemodialysis technologist, works as area
manager for Fresenius Medical Care North America, a company that
operates 11 dialysis clinics throughout Oregon. He said that "MMD
technology has the potential to revolutionize the artificial kidney
because it enables such good surface area in such a small space.
Many studies show that patients are better off dialyzing less
rapidly, but over a longer period of time."
Citing a recent Canadian study that compared patients who underwent
traditional dialysis treatments (three times a week for
approximately four hours) to patients who underwent nocturnal
dialysis (eight hours of dialysis nightly), Curtis said recovery
time following treatment was reduced from approximately six hours
to about seven minutes.
"Nocturnal dialysis gives patients more time in their lives because
they spend this time sleeping anyway," Curtis said. "And they don't
have to spend hours every week feeling washed out or nauseous
before and after treatments."
The leading causes of kidney failure are diabetes and hypertension,
Curtis said. By 2011 the number of people suffering kidney failure
is expected to be 600,000 in the U.S. alone.
In addition to being a fraction of the size of current dialysis
machines, the Home Dialysis Plus device will operate much more
quietly and is designed to not look like a typical piece of medical
equipment, but to blend into a home environment, Baker said.
During the 1960s, Dr. Richard Drake developed the Drake Willock
dialysis machine, which rapidly became the best selling dialysis
system in the world. Drake's Portland-based company, DWS, Inc.,
employed 250 employees before it was sold in the 1970s. Drake, now
retired, says the use of MMD technology in the Home Dialysis Plus
filter is an important advance.
"That is a major breakthrough, because filters have always been a
problem," he said. "Reducing the size and increasing the efficiency
is very important."
Although other companies, like Hewlett-Packard, are partnering with
OSU researchers to employ MMD technology in new devices, Altman
Browning is the first company on the brink of commercializing a
viable product.
"This is an exciting example of how the MMD technology we're
developing here at Oregon State University, in partnership with
other Oregon universities and businesses, will dramatically improve
lives," said Ron Adams, dean of engineering at OSU. "It also
illustrates how this technology can lead to new companies and new
jobs here in Oregon and beyond."
Researchers at OSU are partnering with researchers at the
University of Oregon, Portland State University, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory and other institutions to develop MMD
technology, which U.S. Senator Ron Wyden has predicted will be an
"economic sparkplug" for the Pacific Northwest.
"MMD technology has the potential to spawn an entire industry, one
that could rival the microelectronics boom of the 1950s and 60s,"
Adams said. "The Home Dialysis Plus product is just the tip of a
very large iceberg."
MMD technology includes the use of microchannels, which enable high
rates of heat and mass transfer and are the reason for the high
rates of efficiency in the Home Dialysis Plus filter.
OSU researchers are also developing an MMD technology-based
portable cooling system for the U.S. military that will be used by
soldiers, firefighters, and emergency personnel working in hot or
hazardous conditions.