Origins: For
once, a bit of widely-circulated anonymous e-mail is accurate
what's described in the example quoted above is the actual way of
things. A holding company named Montana Management owns about two
percent of French media giant, Lagardere SCA, whose Hachette
subsidiary includes magazines such as Elle, Woman's Day, Road &
Track and Car and Driver. Montana Management, in turn, is owned by
Saddam Hussein.
Saddam Hussein's personal fortune is estimated to number in the
billions of dollars, and some financial analysts guess it to be
between 10 and 20 billion. His secret financial network is made up
mostly of shell companies registered in tax havens by lawyers
purportedly representing someone else. The hunt for Saddam's money
has gone on for years, but his trove has proved to be well hidden
and has defied the efforts of those who have searched for it.
Investigators have long believed that much of Saddam's fortune is
in Switzerland, squirreled away in a maze of secret accounts, dummy
corporations, and front companies which are shielded from public
scrutiny by Swiss banking laws. The architect of this secret
financial network, Barzan al-Tikriti, Saddam's half brother, lived
in Geneva from 1989 to 1998 as the Iraqi ambassador to the European
headquarters of the United Nations.
Montana Management is one such deceptive repository. It has been
registered in Panama since 1984, and in 1989, when Montana first
declared its stake in Lagardere, it claimed to be a holding company
representing a group of several non-European investors from various
Persian Gulf countries. In 1991, detectives working for the Kuwaiti
government said Montana had been set up by Barzan al-Tikriti, to
channel secret Iraqi funds abroad. Contrary to Montana's claims
about its ownership, the Panamanian government announced in 1991
that Montana was managed by three Iraqis living in Baghdad.
Hachette reacted to the 1991 news of Montana's true ownership by
freezing the block of its shares owned by that holding company, so
neither Saddam Hussein nor anyone else involved with Montana
Management has profited from sales of Hachette-published magazines
for well over a decade. (Spokespeople for Hachette also said at the
time that Saddam Hussein has no editorial control over their
publications.) Hachette has talked of their buying out Saddam's
interests ever since the Persian Gulf war in 1991, but that hasn't
happened.