The Sacraments were instituted by Christ to supply grace to the
faithful through visible means. Jesus promised he would not leave
us orphans (John 14:18 ) but would send the Holy Spirit to guide
and protect us (John 15:26). He gave the sacraments to heal, feed,
and strengthen us. They are visible signs in which God imparts
grace and love to us. In other words, God uses matter to impart
grace.
There are seven Sacraments, sorted into 3 categories.
The Sacraments of Christian Initiation:
Baptism
Confirmation
Eucharist
The Sacraments of Healing
Penance and Reconcilliation (Confession)
Anointing of the sick (Extreme Unction)
The Sacraments at the service of Communion
Holy Orders
Matrimony (Marriage)