Sutta SN 35.152
Atthinukhopariyaayo Sutta: Is There a Criterion?
[1] "Is there, monks, any
criterion whereby a monk, apart from faith, apart from
persuasion,[2] apart from inclination, apart from rational
speculation, apart from delight in views and theories, could affirm
the attainment of enlightenment:[3] 'Birth is destroyed, the holy
life has been accomplished, what was to be done is done, there is
no further living in this world'?"
"For us, Lord, all things
have the Blessed One as their root, their guide, their refuge. It
would be well, Lord, if the meaning of these words were to be made
clear by the Blessed One.[4] Hearing it from the Blessed One, the
monks will remember it."
"There is such a
criterion, monks, whereby a monk... could affirm the attainment of
enlightenment... What is that method?
"In this, monks, a monk
seeing an object with the eye recognizes within himself the
presence of lust, hatred or delusion, knowing 'Lust, hatred or
delusion is present in me,' or he recognizes the absence of these
things, knowing 'There is no lust, hatred or delusion present in
me.' Now, monks, as regards that recognition of the presence or
absence of these things within him, are these matters to be
perceived by faith, by persuasion, by inclination, by rational
speculation, by delight in views and theories?"
"No, indeed, Lord."
"Are not these matters to
be perceived by the eye of wisdom?"[5]
"Indeed, Lord."
"Then, monks, this is the
criterion whereby a monk, apart from faith, apart from persuasion,
apart from inclination, apart from rational speculation, apart from
delight in views and theories, could affirm the attainment of
enlightenment: 'Birth is destroyed, the
holy life has been accomplished, what was to be done is done, there
is no further living in this world.'"
[Similarly for ear, nose,
tongue, body (touch), mind.]
Notes
1.Pariyaaya: a word with
several meanings, lit. "going around," hence "succession," "mode,"
"procedure," etc. This short sutta deals with the very basic
question of how, objectively, one can be sure that the declared
goal of the Buddha's practice has been achieved: thus the rendering
"criterion" is appropriate. It may be compared with the
frequently-quoted Kaalaama Sutta (AN 3.65: translated in WH 8).
2.Not influenced by
anybody else.
3.Añña.m vyaakareyya.
Woodward's rendering "could affirm insight" is inadequate, because
aññaa definitely means the highest insight of enlightenment. The
declaration takes the form shown below: "Birth is destroyed...
etc."
4.The formula is
abbreviated in the text here. It is found in full elsewhere.
5.I follow Woodward's
rendering for paññaaya (lit. "with wisdom"). The actual expression
paññaacakkhu "eye of wisdom" occurs elsewhere.