I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One was staying
near Kosambi, at
Ghosita's
monastery. Then in the early morning, having put on his robes and
carrying his bowl and outer robe, he went into Kosambi for alms.
Having gone for alms in Kosambi, after the meal, returning from his
alms round, he set his own lodging in order and — without calling
his attendant or informing the community of monks — set out
wandering, alone & without a companion.
Then, not long after the Blessed One had left, a certain monk
went to Ven. Ananda
and on arrival said to him, "Just now, my friend Ananda, the
Blessed One set his own lodging in order and — without calling his
attendant or informing the community of monks — set out wandering,
alone & without a companion."
"Whenever the Blessed One sets his own lodging in order and —
without calling his attendant or informing the community of monks —
sets out wandering, alone & without a companion, he wants to
live alone. He is not to be followed by anyone at such times."
Then, after wandering by stages, the Blessed One came to Parileyyaka.
There he stayed at the root of the Auspicious Sal Tree.
Then a large number of monks went to Ven. Ananda and on arrival
exchanged courteous greetings. After an exchange of friendly
courtesies & greetings they sat to one side. As they were
sitting there, they said to Ven. Ananda, "It has been a long time
since we heard a Dhamma talk in the Blessed One's presence. We want
to hear a Dhamma talk in the Blessed One's presence."
Then Ven. Ananda went with those monks to where the Blessed One
was staying in Parileyyaka, at the root of the Auspicious Sal Tree,
and on arrival, after bowing down to him, sat to one side. As they
were sitting there, the Blessed One instructed, urged, roused,
& encouraged them with a talk on Dhamma.
Now, on that occasion this train of thought appeared in the
awareness of one of the monks: "Now I wonder — knowing in what way,
seeing in what way, does one without delay put an end to the
effluents?"
The Blessed One, perceiving with his awareness the train of
thought in the monk's awareness, said to the monks, "I have
analyzed & taught you the Dhamma, monks. I have analyzed &
taught you the four frames of reference, the four right exertions,
the four bases of power, the five faculties, the five strengths,
the seven factors for Awakening, & the noble eightfold path.
And yet, even though I have analyzed & taught you the Dhamma,
still there appears this train of thought in the awareness of one
of the monks: 'Now I wonder — knowing in what way, seeing in what
way, does one without delay put an end to the effluents?'
"Well then — knowing in what way, seeing in what way,
does one without delay put an end to the effluents? There
is the case where an uninstructed, run-of-the-mill person — who has
no regard for noble ones, is not well-versed or disciplined in
their Dhamma; who has no regard for men of integrity, is not
well-versed or disciplined in their Dhamma — assumes form to be the
self. That assumption is a fabrication. Now what is the cause, what
is the origination, what is the birth, what is the
coming-into-existence of that fabrication? To an uninstructed,
run-of-the-mill person, touched by that which is felt born of
contact with ignorance, craving arises. That fabrication is born of
that. And that fabrication is inconstant, fabricated, dependently
co-arisen. That craving... That feeling... That contact... That
ignorance is inconstant, fabricated, dependently co-arisen. It is
by knowing & seeing in this way that one without delay puts an
end to the effluents.
"Or he doesn't assume form to be the self, but he assumes the
self as possessing form... form as in the self... self as in
form... or feeling to be the self... the self as possessing
feeling... feeling as in the self... self as in feeling... or
perception to be the self... the self as possessing perception...
perception as in the self... self as in perception... or
fabrications to be the self... the self as possessing
fabrications... fabrications as in the self... self as in
fabrications... or consciousness to be the self... the self as
possessing consciousness... consciousness as in the self... self as
in consciousness.
"Now that assumption is a fabrication. What is the cause, what
is the origination, what is the birth, what is the
coming-into-existence of that fabrication? To an uninstructed,
run-of-the-mill person, touched by the feeling born of contact with
ignorance, craving arises. That fabrication is born of that. And
that fabrication is inconstant, fabricated, dependently co-arisen.
That craving... That feeling... That contact... That ignorance is
inconstant, fabricated, dependently co-arisen. It is by knowing
& seeing in this way that one without delay puts an end to the
effluents.
"Or he doesn't assume form to be the self... but he may have a
view such as this: 'This self is the same as the cosmos. This I
will be after death, constant, lasting, eternal, not subject to
change.' This eternalist view is a fabrication... Or... he may have
a view such as this: 'I would not be, neither would there be what
is mine. I will not be, neither will there be what is mine.' This
annihilationist view is a fabrication... Or... he may be doubtful
& uncertain, having come to no conclusion with regard to the
true Dhamma. That doubt, uncertainty, & coming-to-no-conclusion
is a fabrication.
"What is the cause, what is the origination, what is the birth,
what is the coming-into-existence of that fabrication? To an
uninstructed, run-of-the-mill person, touched by what is felt born
of contact with ignorance, craving arises. That fabrication is born
of that. And that fabrication is inconstant, fabricated,
dependently co-arisen. That craving... That feeling... That
contact... That ignorance is inconstant, fabricated, dependently
co-arisen. It is by knowing & seeing in this way that one
without delay puts an end to the effluents."