As you may have known by now, the difference between Buddhism
and Judaist faith is that other than Hell and Heaven, Buddhism also
have 4 other realms. Basically there are 6 realms:
3 Higher Realms: Heaven, Human, Asura
3 Lower Realms: Animals, Spirits, Hell
And the Heaven realm itself is divided into 28 kinds, and have 3
kinds: Sensual, Form-jhana, Formless-jhana realms.
The cause of rebirth in Heaven is very rigidly keeping the 5
precepts and practising the 10 Virtuous Deeds. In addition, those
who enters into Jhana states in meditation can be reborned in the
higher levels - the Jhana realms. However heaven or jhanas are not
ultimate. This is because they are still not eternal. (their
lifespan can be up to several billions of years according to the
different 'levels' of heaven they live in). Our lifespan is
comparable to insects in their eyes. Due to their long lifespan,
many Brahmas (jhanic celestial realm beings) mistakenly held the
view that they live an eternal life, only to find out their
impermanence after the Buddha told them. Also See:
How the Brahma believed He was God?
The difference between Buddhism and Judaist faith is that we do not
believe in an eternal heaven or hell. As I have said earlier, no
matter how evil or virtuous you are, your Buddha Nature is
unaffected - it is wholly complete, perfect. It follows you to
heaven but also to hell. And what does this imply? No matter what
happens, in the end, you still become Buddha! No matter you are
Christian, Muslim, Hindu, or something else, you will become a
Buddha - a perfectly enlightened person, eventually. Hell and
Heaven is only temporary... but doesn't mean you can start
committing evil acts because you wouldn't want to suffer a long
time in hell either.
Back to your question: what will happen to those who don't believe
in Buddhism... I wld like to say that even non-Buddhists can attain
rebirth in Heaven as long as they are virtuous and throughout his
life done many many wholesome deeds. On the other hand, if people
call themselves Buddhists only by name and commit all sorts of
atrocities and evils, they will still have to go to Hell to suffer
their karma.
One thing that other religion does not teach, is that other than
doing good and avoiding evil, we should purify the mind.. since
Mind is the source of all sufferings, afflictions, vexations,
Greed, Hatred, Ignorance, etc. Some people interprete this as
having only wholesome thoughts and getting rid of the evil
thoughts. But this is only "virtuous", and at best will result in
his rebirth in heaven. Purifying the mind is in fact reaching
No-thoughts, No-mind. Meaning no more Sentient Thoughts and no more
Sentient Mind. That is what is meant by 'purification of mind'.
That is the difference. That is what no other religions offer - the
opportunity for LIBERATION/AWAKENING.... most religions only lead
their followers to higher realms but they do not lead them to
Liberation from Samsara.
It is very very rare to live in a time where we can learn the
Buddhist teachings, practise and attain enlightenment. Very rare.
It is also very very rare to even be reborned as Human! You may not
believe me, but the number of animals in the world are definitely
much more than the number of humans. The number of beings in spirit
realm and hell realm are also more than that of humans. Since being
a human is most ideal for cultivation, we should make use of this
opportunity to practise the dharma. It is a real pity to miss this
opportunity... Life is meant for cultivating the dharma, because
whatever achievements you have in life, it is only temporarily -
can you take them away to the next life after you pass away?
regards,
An Eternal Now