辨证- Analysis and
Differentiating Pathological Conditions
There are several method of Analysis and Differentiating the
Syndrome :
1) 脏腑辨证 - Organs Analysis - According to the TCM theory,
disorders in organs may be due to organs themselves, or it may
result by a broken relationship between the organs. Therefore, the
health of the organs is identified according to their unique
physiological functions. Problems arising in the five "yin" or
"zang" organs tend to be more serious.
2) 六经辨证 - 6 Meridians Analysis - According to the eight
principles theory, diseases in the yang meridians belong to the
exterior and are more often seen as heat and excess(shi)
syndromes. Diseases in the yin meridians belong to the interior and
are more often seen cold and deficiency(xu) syndromes.
When there are changes in any of these six meridians, symptoms
associated with the malfunctioning of the connected organs or other
interrelated meridians will appear. The six-meridian method is
regarded as an incomplete method for identifying all organs or
meridians diseases; because, this method mainly focuses on
cold-induced diseases (shanghan).
Although syndromes of the six meridians differ, they are
interrelated due to a constant changing process.
3) 气血辨证 - 4 Stages - The four stages:
defense(wei), vital energy(qi), nutrient
(ying) and blood(xue). These are the four body
strata used to explain the location and severity of pathological
changes, and form the basis of clinical treatment. This method not
only characterizes the four types of febrile disease syndromes, but
it is also a reflection of the four grades of severity of febrile
diseases during their development.

4) 八纲辨证 - Eight Principles Analysis - The concept of this method
is that signs and symptoms of a disease or illness can be
generalized according to the eight principles. For instance, the
location or severity of the disease may be termed as interior or
exterior; the nature of the disease may be divided into cold or
heat syndromes; and the condition of the disease may belong to
either the excess(实shi) or deficiency(虚xu)
syndromes. The interior, cold and deficiency syndromes are
categorized as yin; the exterior, heat and excessive syndromes are
categorized as yang. As a whole, yin and yang is a compendium of
the other six principles. Although these four pairs of categories
have different characteristics, the patterns sometimes
interact.