The bus runs more frequently only during peak hours, same as the
trams and trains.
Hope you enjoyed yourself at the Penguin Parade. Yes, it is usually
quite cold over there, since you can only see the Penguins after
sunset. However, you are considered lucky with the weather this
week. The weather in Melbourne this week is pretty mild and no
rain. The only day that is going to rain is this Saturday. So you
are here at the right time! 
The trains can be packed during peak hours but just that you're
here during the school holiday period and Easter long weekend so
many people are taking this week off. Even traffic on the road is a
lot better this week when coming in to the city to work.
The "keep left to turn right" is known as the hook (corrected from
hood) turn and it only happens where there are tram lines crossing
the intersection.
You're actually allowed to do that in public transport. No
alcohol though.
There are indeed bus and trams lanes in some areas.
It will be hard to compare as people here don't rely on buses as
people do in Singapore. In terms of service though, it's probably
better over here and the bus driver is more friendly too. Say, you
have a child in a pram and wanting to board the bus, it's an
obligation for the bus driver to come and help you carry the pram
on to the bus. So I guess that's a plus for people with children,
even for elderly people too.
