Divisions in the West
While we see many similarities between the EU and the United
States, there are also many differences. As with America, the EU
encourages private enterprise-up to a point. The role of the
government in each member nation is greater than in the United
States, theoretically ensuring a more equitable division of
wealth.
One division increasingly apparent is in the area of faith.
Americans in general are much more religious than Europeans, with
faith influencing U.S. politics in a way that has not been seen in
Europe for centuries. One commentator interviewed on BBC radio
thought that the strong religious beliefs of both President Bush
and British Prime Minister Tony Blair were a factor in their
alienation from other Western nations.
Historical experience and perspective are also different on the two
sides of the Atlantic.
Europeans are surrounded by history, with castles and cathedrals
that are sometimes more than 1,000 years old. Awareness of history
is generally much more widespread than in the United States.
Americans tend not to look back. Europeans, however, are
continually looking back, trying to learn from the past before
moving forward. With so many wars in their collective history, the
nations of Europe are determined to unite their continent in such a
way that never again will there be a repeat of the two devastating
world wars of the last century.
Conscious of the past, they are also determined that no other
nation will bring about a cataclysm to rival those former
conflicts. Thus, opposition to war in general is greater in Europe
than in the United States.
Remembering the two world wars of the 20th century, and a Cold War
in which the Soviet Union threatened to gobble up Europe, Americans
tend to see themselves as the saviors of Europe and cannot
understand the seeming ingratitude of today's Europeans.
The perspective in Europe is somewhat different. The French
perception, for example, is that America betrayed them twice in the
1950s, in consequence bringing about the collapse of the Fourth
Republic in 1958.
Both betrayals were during the Eisenhower administration. The
first, in 1954, was the failure of the United States to come
through with requested military aid at the battle of Dien Bien Phu,
which resulted in a French defeat and the loss of Indochina. The
United States, of course, also paid a penalty for this decision, as
the Vietnam War was the consequence of French withdrawal.
Two years later, American pressure forced Britain and France to
withdraw from Suez after a combined military force had recaptured
the Suez Canal, seized by Egypt. This, in turn, led to the French
losing Algeria, the home of more than one million French
nationals.
The British learned from this that they amounted to little without
American support, and thus have been firm supporters of the United
States in subsequent decades. The French reached a different
conclusion that they couldn't trust America (it can, of course, be
said that Americans have learned the same about France). This
attitude is still a complication for U.S. foreign policy, with
France wielding veto power on the UN Security Council.