hegu SG oh yeah! that's how you solve 2nd order DEs right? complementary function is the solution of the homogenous eqn, while particular integral is the substitution that you require if it's not homogenous right? then you add them up to obtain the genera solution right? correct or not correct or not correct or not? i think i get it liao...thanks for the explanation, missallsunday. i realised you signed up sgforums just to post this answer