It is best to allow your food to get digested from the stomach
first, and in this case, a period of 3-5 hours...
Depending on how much you eat, the duration may increase, but this
is an average duration of food leaving the stomach for the
intestines. Once it has gone into the intestines, absorption and
further digestion comes into action. By then, you should be alright
to continue with your exercise.
Sometimes, it also depends on the individual, they may still feel
bloated after eating too much, even though the 5 hours may have
passed. But generally, it is rather safe once the food makes its
way down to the intestines (because at this stage, the food - now
called chymus will be spread out in intervals and digested in
chunks, rather than in the stomach, where the machinery muscles
will grind it, and running will make you feel uncomfortable)...