Technically, no.
however there is a breed of bikes known generally as a "Cyclocross'
- essentially a frame with a geometry more geared towards a road
frame, but with knobblies (MTB Tires),
also, there's a new hype going around now, the 29er, or 29"
MTB
these are generally MTBs with 29" wheelsets, which are pretty close
in size to those of a roadie (roughly 700c).
if you intend to use your mtb mostly for tarmac, then a good way to
go (without breaking the bank) is to switch over to
slicks.